leadership




Many people today are seeking to understand -- and many people are writing about -- the concept and practices of leadership. There are a great many reasons for the popularity of the topic, including that organizations are faced with changes like never before. The concept of leadership is relevant to any aspect of ensuring effectiveness in organizations and in managing change. This topic in the Library helps you to fully understand the concept and practices of leadership.

There has been an explosion of literature about leadership lately. Leading is a very human activity -- we're all human -- so there are many people who consider themselves experts on leadership. Unfortunately, many people make strong assertions about leadership without ever really understanding a great deal about leadership. Understanding the concept of leadership requires more than reading a few articles or fantasizing about what great leaders should be.

There are things that leaders do that make them successful. Leadership actions are different from styles in that actions are individual and specific, whilst styles are overall approaches. Both are based on a combination of their beliefs, values and preferences, as well as the organizational culture and norms which will encourage some styles and discourage others.

Boyatzis' management competencies


Disciplines > Leadership > Leadership actions > Boyatzis' management competencies





This is a set of competencies identified by Boyatzis (1982). through critical incident research.

Efficiency orientation
Focusing on objectives, tasks and achievements. Setting challenging goals and supporting appropriate planning. Facilitating overcoming of obstacles. Encouraging people to act in this way.

Concern with impact
Demonstrating a significant interest in power and its symbols. Use of power-oriented behavior such as using various methods of influence, seeking positions of power, etc.

Proactivity
Showing a strong belief in individual self-control and self-driven action. Acting without waiting for full agreement or authorization. Taking responsibility for actions. Acting to dissuade defensive and risk-averse behavior.

Self-confidence
Showing belief in self, values and ideas. Able to talk decisively and take confident and decisive action. Communicating this self-confidence to others and hence instilling confidence in them.

Oral presentation skill
Able to speak well, using effective language, modes of speech and body language. Uses effective symbolism and metaphor in words and actions. Appropriate use of visual aids.

Conceptualization
Uses inductive reasoning to identify patterns and relationships. Able to create models and symbols to communicate these concepts. Uses synthetic and creative thinking to develop further ideas and solutions.

Diagnostic use of concepts
Able to use deductive reasoning to convert models and ideas into specific instances and possibilities. Concepts are turned into practical and useful tools.

Use of socialized power
Developing networks and hierarchies of people and mobilizing them to to achieve specific ends. Acts as a person in the middle to resolve conflicts and bring people together.

Managing group processes
Building the identity of groups and people in them. Building common goals and objectives. Developing group roles. Creating ways of working together and facilitating teamwork.


Essential skills for your excellent career!
Management, leadership & career training.



The Onsite Training Provider: Corporate Training Classes . Courses . Seminars . WorkshopsWhether you need a one-day onsite training session for your front-office staff or you need consulting and training for a major organizational development project, Business Training Works can help. With offices inNorth America, Europe, and Mexico, we provide comprehensive training, speaking, coaching, and business consulting services for organizations worldwide.
Business Etiquett Training | Communication Training
Creativity and Critical Thinking Training
Cross-Cultural Training | Customer Service Training
Human Resources Training
Management Training | Negotiation and Finance Training
Presentation Skills Training
Time Management and Productivity Training | Sales Training
Train-the-Trainer Training | Writing Training


Our Services

* Onsite Training
* Online Training
* Curriculum Development
* Keynotes
* Facilitation
* Coaching
* Leadership Development
* Full-Service Consulting
* Assessments and Publishing


Running Teleconferences
Chairing Effective Phone Meetings

Teleconferences can be very productive - or a real waste of time. Learn how to run an effective teleconference.

We all get angry sometimes. But don't let anger be a destructive force in your life. Learn strategies to take back control.

Thinking of great ideas isn't that hard. Putting them into practice can be a challenge. We'll show you some steps needed to make your ideas a reality.



You may have heard of production-line balancing. But how balanced are your other business processes? And do they have bottlenecks that cause backlogs?

How confident are you as a presenter? Do you feel that you deliver what the audience wants in a way that keeps people engaged and interested?

Discover how bullies can target and destroy some of the best people in an organization; find out how to deal with bullies if they target you; and learn how best to deal with bullying if it's going on in your workplace.

Is your team working to its fullest potential? Learn some practical methods to improve team performance. All Readers' Skill-Builder

You can discover the essential skills and techniques that help you excel in your career - whatever your profession. Learn leadership, personal effectiveness, goal setting, and stress management. Further, discover techniques that improve creativity, assist problem solving, organize time and deadlines, and improve your memory.

Start building your skills;

* Time Management
* Leadership Skills
* Stress Management
* Information Skills
* Practical Creativity



* Problem Solving
* Decision Making
* Project Management
* Communication Skills
* Memory Improvement

Or use this site as a practical course in thinking skills. Do this by following our free career skills learning path, and read articles one-by-one learning the essential skills you need for an excellent career. Once you've read an article, use the 'next article' button at the foot of each page to move to the next. You'll find this below.
Products and Services

* Career Excellence Club
* Make Time for Success
* How to Lead
* Stress Tools
* Career Coaching


Find out more
Make Time for Success!
Discover the 39 essential tools needed to maximize your achievement, and win control of your time and your life.

Find out more
How to Lead: Discover
the Leader Within You
Learn the 48 essential
skills needed to be a highly effective and respected leader.

Find out more
Stress Tools
With more than 50 important stress management tools, this self-study course shows you how to tackle the structural problems that cause job stress.
Find out more


New Articles
* Shows articles available in full only to Career Excellence Club members

5 Whys - Getting quickly to the root of a problem

Acrostics - Memory curiosities
Adams' Equity Theory - Balancing employee inputs and outputs
ADL Matrix - How industry position influences your strategy
Affinity Diagrams - Organizing ideas Into common themes
AIDA: Attention-Interest-Desire-Action - Inspiring action with your writing
The Ansoff Matrix - Understanding the different risks of different options

The Balanced Scorecard - Motivating employees to deliver your strategy
Beating Self-Sabotage* - Recognizing and overcoming it
Behavioral Assessments* - How personality affects the way people do their jobs
Belbin's Team Roles - Understanding team roles can improve team performance.
Benne and Sheats' Group Roles - Identifying positive and negative group roles
Blake Mouton Managerial Grid - Balancing task and people-oriented leadership
The Boston Matrix - Focusing effort to get the greatest returns
Bowman's Strategy Clock* - Making sense of eight competitive positions
Burke-Litwin Change Model* - Unraveling the dynamics of organizational change

CATWOE - Understanding the different elements that contribute to a problem
Using the Change Curve* - Accelerating change, and improving project success
Change Management* - Making organization change happen effectively
Congruence Model* - Aligning the drivers of high performance
Core Competence Analysis - Get ahead. Stay ahead.
Crawford's Slip Writing Method* - Gathering ideas from many contributors
Critical Success Factors - Identifying the things that really matter for success
Cross Culture Communication - Collaborative efforts a must!
The Cultural Web - Aligning your organization's culture with strategy
Customer Experience Mapping* - Looking through the eyes of your customers

Decision Making - Are you "cautious" or "courageous"?
Decision Model, The Vroom-Yetton-Jago* - Deciding how to decide
The Delegation Dilemma
The Delphi Technique* - Achieving well thought through consensus among experts

Empathic Listening* - Going beyond active listening

Finding Career Direction - Discover yourself and your purpose
Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing* - Helping new teams perform effectively
Future Proof Your Career - Developing skills for your future as well as for today

Golden Rules of Goal Setting - Five rules to set yourself up for success
Good Manners in the Office* - Realizing there's no excuse for discourtesy
Avoiding GroupThink - Avoiding fatal flaws in group decision making
The GROW Model - Coaching team members to improve performance

Heuristic Methods* - Using rules of thumb
Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions - Understanding values around the World
Hoshin Planning System* - Steering everyone in the right direction
How Good is Your Time Management?* - Discover time management tools that can help you
How to Ask for a Pay Raise* – Objectively evaluating your value to your organization
How to Relax After a Hard Day* - Leaving work at work
Humility - The most beautiful word in the English language, by Bruna Martinuzzi

Inductive Reasoning* - Drawing good generalized conclusions

Job Enrichment - Increasing job satisfaction
Maximizing Job Satisfaction - Getting the most from your job

Kano Model Analysis* - Developing products that delight
The Kepner-Tregoe Matrix* - Making unbiased, risk assessed decisions
Kotter's 8-Step Change Model - Implementing change powerfully and successfully

Locke's Goal Setting Theory - Understanding SMART goal setting
Locus of Control - Finding out who's in charge of your destiny
Logframes, and the Logical Framework Approach - Planning projects robustly

Making the Right Career Move* - Choosing the role that's best for you
Management by Objectives (MBO)* - Aligning people objectives with org goals
McKinsey 7S Framework, The - Ensuring all parts of your org work in harmony

Nominal Group Technique* - Prioritizing issues and projects to achieve consensus

Organizational Design - Aligning organizational structure with business goals
Overcoming Cultural Barriers to Change - Moving to a high performance culture

Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) - Implementing new ideas in a controlled way
Dealing with Office Politics* - Navigating the minefield
Porter's Diamond - Shaping strategy to reflect national strengths and weaknesses
Porter's Generic Strategies - Choosing your route to competitive advantage
Prioritization* - Making best use of your time and resources
The Product Diffusion Curve - Keeping you marketing message fresh
Project Dashboards - Quickly communicating project progress
Project Milestone Reporting* - Keeping projects on track by monitoring check points

The RACI Matrix* - Structuring accountabilities for maximum efficiency and results
Reactive Decision Making* - Making good decisions under pressure
Resolving Team Conflict* - Building stronger teams by facing your differences
Role Playing* - Preparing for difficult conversations and situations

The Sales Funnel* - Keeping control of your sales pipeline
Scenario Analysis* - Exploring different futures
Schein's Career Anchors* - Understanding what inspires you in your career.
Starbursting - Understanding new ideas by brainstorming questions
Stepladder Technique* - Making better group decisions
Succession Planning* - Seamlessly Transferring Key Knowledge, Skills and Abilities
Surviving a Merger* - Taking control and proving your value

Team Charters - Getting your teams off to a great start
Team Management Skills* - The core skills needed to manage your team
Using the TOWS Matrix - Developing strategic options